Imuran 50 mg Injection

IMURAN INJECTION contains the active substance azathioprine. It belongs to a group of medicines called immunosuppressants. These medicines reduce the activity (strength) of your body’s immune system. IMURAN INJECTION may be used on its own, but it is more often used in combination with other medicines.

IMURAN INJECTION is used to:

• stop your body rejecting an organ after an organ transplant,
• treat inflammatory bowel disease if the first line therapy has failed for you,
• treat diseases where your immune system reacts against your own body (called autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis).

IMURAN INJECTION should not be administered to you:

• If you are hypersensitive (allergic) to azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine or any of the other ingredients of IMURAN INJECTION (listed in section 6).
• If you are pregnant or planning to fall pregnant in the near future.
• If you are breastfeeding your baby.
• If you suffer from rheumatoid arthritis (a chronic progressive disease causing inflammation in the joints) and you have been treated with medicines referred to as alkylating medicines (e.g. cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, melphalan or others).

Warnings and precautions

Take special care with IMURAN INJECTION: Tell your doctor or healthcare provider before being given the injection:

• if you have any kidney or liver problems,
• if you have a genetic condition called TPMT deficiency (where your body produces too little of an enzyme called ‘thiopurine methyltransferase’),
• if you have had hepatitis B (a liver disease caused by a virus),
• if you have an inherited mutation in the NUDT15-gene (a gene which is involved in the break-down of IMURAN INJECTION in the body). You have a higher risk of infections and hair loss and your doctor may in this case give you a lower dose,
• if you have a genetic condition known as ‘Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome’. This is a rare condition that runs in families caused by a lack of an enzyme called HPRT or ‘hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase’,
• when using IMURAN INJECTION, you are at a greater risk of developing other infections such as PML (Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy) which is an opportunistic infection. If you experience any signs of infection please contact your doctor,
• if you are receiving continuous IMURAN INJECTION together with corticosteroids you may have a persistent negative nitrogen balance. This means that the amount of nitrogen excreted from the body is greater than the amount of nitrogen ingested,
• if you are pregnant or are planning to have a baby, as IMURAN INJECTION can be unsafe and affect your baby,
• if you develop unexpected bruising or bleeding,
• if you experience loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea,
• when using IMURAN INJECTION, you are at a greater risk of developing tumours or other types of cancers such as lymphoproliferative disorder. With a treatment regime that contains more than one medicine that suppresses your immune system, this could lead to death,
• if you are taking a combination of multiple medicines that suppresses your immune system, it may increase your risk of developing disorders of the lymph system due to a viral infection (Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disorders),
• if you are exposed to sunlight and UV light. You should limit your time in the sun, wear protective clothing and use a sunscreen with a high protection factor as you are at a greater risk of developing skin cancer and skin sensitivity reactions while using IMURAN INJECTION,
• when using IMURAN INJECTION, you are at a greater risk of developing a serious condition called Macrophage Activation Syndrome (excessive activation of white blood cells associated with inflammation), which usually occurs in people who have certain types of arthritis,
• if you develop chickenpox or shingles. You should avoid contact with any person that has chickenpox or shingles.
• if you have recently received, or are due to receive a vaccination (vaccine). If IMURAN INJECTION is given to you, you should not have a live organism vaccine (for example; flu vaccine, measles vaccine, BCG vaccine, etc.) until advised it is safe to do so by your doctor. This is because some vaccines may give you an infection if you receive them while you are given IMURAN.
• If you are going to have an operation (this is because medicines including tubocurarine, or succinylcholine used as muscle relaxants during operations may interact with IMURAN. You should inform your anaesthesiologist of your treatment with IMURAN prior to surgery.

IMURAN INJECTION is given as an intravenous injection (into a vein) or after dilution as an intravenous infusion (for a longer time). It will usually be given by your doctor or nurse. The amount of IMURAN INJECTION taken may vary from patient to patient and will be prescribed by your doctor. The dose depends on the condition for which you are being treated.

When you are given IMURAN INJECTION, your doctor will take regular blood tests. This is to check the number and type of cells in your blood, and to ensure your liver is working correctly. Your doctor may also ask for other blood and urine tests to monitor how your kidneys are working and to measure uric acid levels. Uric acid is a natural substance made in your body and levels of uric acid can rise while you are taking IMURAN INJECTION. High levels of uric acid may damage your kidneys.

Recommended dose of IMURAN INJECTION in adults:

Adults who have had an organ transplant: On the first day of treatment, the usual dose is up to 5 mg per kilogram of body weight, then a usual daily dose of 1 mg to 4 mg per kilogram of body weight. During treatment your doctor will adjust the dose depending on your reaction to the medicine.

Adults with other conditions: The usual starting dose is 1 mg to 3 mg per kilogram of body weight, then a usual daily dose of less than 1 mg to 3 mg per kilogram of body weight. During treatment your doctor will adjust the dose depending on your reaction to the medicine.

Elderly patients may need a reduced dose. Patients with kidney or liver problems may need a reduced dose.

Recommended dose of IMURAN INJECTION in children:

Children who have had organ transplant: The dosing for children who have had an organ transplant is the same as adults.

Children with other conditions: The dosing for children with other conditions is the same as adults. Children who are considered to be overweight may require a higher dose.

You will not be expected to give yourself IMURAN INJECTION. It will be given to you by a person who is qualified to do so. Your doctor will give you IMURAN INJECTION so it is unlikely that you will receive too much.

If you think you have been given too much or have missed a dose tell your doctor or nurse.

If you use more IMURAN INJECTION than you should Since a healthcare provider will administer IMURAN INJECTION, he/she will control the dosage. However, in the event of overdosage your doctor will manage the overdosage. Overdosage with IMURAN INJECTION can cause infection, ulceration of the throat, bruising and bleeding.

If you forget to use IMURAN INJECTION Since a healthcare provider will administer IMURAN INJECTION, it is unlikely that the dose will be missed.

IMURAN INJECTION can have side effects. Not all side effects reported for IMURAN INJECTION are included in this leaflet. Should your general health worsen or if you experience any untoward effects while taking IMURAN INJECTION, please consult your healthcare provider for advice.

If any of the following happens, stop using IMURAN INJECTION and tell your doctor immediately or go to the casualty department at your nearest hospital:

• swelling of the hands, feet, ankles, face, lips and mouth or throat, which may cause difficulty in swallowing or breathing,
• rash or itching,
• fainting,
• blistering of the skin, mouth, eyes and genitals as these may be due to a serious allergic reaction known as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and detachment of the skin known as Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).
• headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, tiredness, rash, fever, joint pain and liver inflammation.

Less common side effects include inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), infections, lymphoma (cancer of the lymph nodes) and skin cancer. These are all very serious side effects. If you have them, you may have had a serious reaction to IMURAN INJECTION. You may need urgent medical attention or hospitalisation.

Tell your doctor immediately or go to the casualty department at your nearest hospital if you notice any of the following:

• inflammation of the pancreas, which may cause you severe upper stomach pain, with nausea and vomiting,
• severe liver damage or failure which can be life threatening, which may cause pale stools, dark urine, itchiness and yellowing of your skin and eyes (jaundice),
• inflammation of your lungs causing breathlessness, cough and a fever,
• various types of tumours and cancers,
• problems with your blood and bone marrow which may cause weakness, tiredness, paleness, breathlessness, dizziness, bruising, bleeding or infections,
• blood in stools or vomiting blood due to perforation or bleeding of the bowel (this can be due to internal bleeding),
• changes in the way your heart beats, for example, if you notice it beating faster,
• kidney failure with symptoms such as swelling of your ankles, painful urination, producing less urine than what is normal for you and blood in your urine.

These are all serious side effects. You may need urgent medical attention.

Tell your doctor if you notice any of the following:

Frequent side effects:

• infections caused by a virus, fungus or bacteria. Signs of infection such as a sore throat, fever or cough,
• nausea.

Less frequent side effects:

• abnormal blood tests showing how your liver and blood works,
• problems with your bowel leading to severe diarrhoea, stomach pain, constipation, nausea and vomiting,
• hair loss.

Side effects with an unknown frequency:

• abnormal levels of phosphate, nitrogen or uric acid in the blood, loss of appetite,
• headache, dizziness,
• damage to the retina of the eyes which may cause vision impairment,
• low blood pressure,
• discolouration of the fingers and/or toes after exposure to changes in temperature (hot/cold) (Raynaud’s phenomenon),
• vomiting, inflammation of the stomach or the tube running from the throat to the stomach (oesophagus), mouth sores, stomach pain,
• pigmentation of the skin and nails, sensitivity to light or sunlight (photosensitivity),
• muscle pains, joint pains,
• suppression of normal function of the ovaries and testicles causing the absence of periods and the inhibition of formation of sperm,
• abnormalities in chromosomes (e.g. Down syndrome),
• tiredness, fever, shivers, weakness.

If you notice any side effects not mentioned in this leaflet, please inform your doctor or pharmacist.

Reporting of side effects: If you get side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. You can also report side effects to: SAHPRA: https://www.sahpra.org.za/health-products-vigilance/ Aspen Pharmacare: E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 0800 118 088. By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of IMURAN INJECTION.

Store all medicines out of reach and sight of children. Store at or below 25 °C. Protect from light.

• Keep in the original packaging until required for use.
• Do not store in a bathroom.
• Do not use after the expiry date stated on the label. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.
• Return all unused medicine to your pharmacist.
• Do not dispose of unused medicine in drains or sewerage systems (e.g. toilets).